| Update ASEAN 
          China Free Trade  The 
          world’s third largest free trade zone kicked off in China and 
          within the ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian nations) last month. The 
          ACFTA (ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement), covering around 1.9bn consumers, 
          is first being applied to China and six ASEAN countries
 (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) that 
          are removing tariffs on nearly 7,000 groups of goods and services, i.e.
 90% of intra-trade flows.
 Meanwhile, 
          Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam have been granted a phasing-out 
          period until 2015 to lift import taxes on Chinese products.
 The 
          new free trade zone is expected to further boost investment and trade 
          volumes within the area, not only commodity exports to China in particular 
          but also Chinese manufactured exports to ASEAN countries.
 However, 
          competition, especially from China, will also grow, given similar industrial 
          structures between China and ASEAN.
 The 
          latter represents the biggest threat for the least developed ASEAN countries 
          and many industries in the region.
 China 
          has gone to great lengths to reach an agreement on the ACFTA as it is 
          likely to strengthen its regional dominance.
 Although 
          trade tariffs have been reduced significantly over time, several countries 
          fear an invasion of low-cost Chinese goods benefiting from a weak RMB 
          and multiple subsidies.
 But 
          all is not working as planned for all the ACFTA participants:  Indonesia 
          is considering applying for a delay in removing tariffs in several less 
          competitive industries such as electronics, textiles or steel.
 The 
          Indonesian government has sent a letter to China requesting a renegotiation 
          of the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement [ACFTA].
 
   “The 
          Director General for International Trade Gusmardi [Bustami] (left)sent 
          a letter of request to renegotiate with China. The request is still 
          in process and will take some time,” Industry Ministry M.S. Hidayat 
          announced. Hidayat 
          further said that Gusmardi had been communicating with the Chinese government 
          over the renegotiation, which he believed to be in progress. President 
          Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono previously said that he would pursue talks 
          with China to avoid negative impacts from the free trade deal between 
          ASEAN and China.
 The 
          government is seriously tackling damaged roads and electricity shortages 
          to enable local industries and SMEs to face the implications of the 
          ACFTA.
 "Infrastructure 
          problems remain something of concern to us. They have even triggered 
          inordinate increases in production costs in the country.
 Therefore, 
          the government will focus its attention on this sector," Gusmardi 
          Gustami said.
 The 
          government had also set up a special team to handle infrastructural 
          problems for anticipating ACFTA`s implications and opportunities for 
          the Indonesian economy, he told a seminar here.
 Apart 
          from any possible implications, he was confident in the capability of 
          North Sumatra`s small- and medium-scale businessmen, particularly those 
          in the agro-business sector, to compete with Chinese products.
 Over the past three years, Indonesia`s economic growth was also "good 
          enough".
 Indonesian 
          exporters could expend their markets in such regions as Africa, Middle 
          East, and Asia, said Gustami, who serves as director general of the 
          trade ministry’s international trade cooperation.
 At 
          the Association of Young Indonesian Business Community (HIMPI)-North 
          Sumatra Chapter organized seminar, Chairman of North Sumatran Forum 
          for  SMEs Cahyo Pramono also expressed his confidence in the Indonesian 
          SMEs’ toughness in facing the ACFTA.
 But 
          the government needs to take sides to local SMEs to make them stronger, 
          he said. ACFTA implementation triggered a public debate.
 Concerning 
          with its negative impacts on the Indonesian economy, some called on 
          the government to renegotiate the agreement with China.
 In 
          response to the call, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono recently admitted 
          that renegotiating the implementation of ACFTA was needed to prevent 
          the emergence of serious problems in the Indonesian economy.
 The 
          ACFTA, based on an agreement signed in 2004, introduced zero tariffs 
          on 6,682 tariff posts in 17 sectors, including 12 in manufacturing and 
          five in agriculture, mining and maritime sectors.
 Gordon Feller
 
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